php递归实现无限级分类树

无限级树状图可以说是无限级栏目的一个显著特征，我们接下来就来看看两种不同的写法。
一.数据库设计

CREATE TABLE `bg_cate` (
`cate_Id` int(30) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`cate_ParentId` int(30) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
`cate_Name` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`cate_Intro` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL,
`cate_Order` int(30) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
`cate_Icon` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`cate_Id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=34 ;
--
-- 导出表中的数据 `bg_cate`
--
INSERT INTO `bg_cate` (`cate_Id`, `cate_ParentId`, `cate_Name`, `cate_Intro`, `cate_Order`, `cate_Icon`) VALUES
(4, 0, '往事如风', '记录往事', 0, 'icons/6.gif'),
(5, 0, '水煮三国', '品位三国智慧', 0, 'icons/3.gif'),
(2, 0, '技术学习', '平时学习的一些笔记，欢迎批评指正。', 0, 'icons/18.gif'),
(3, 0, '生活点滴', '记录生活点滴', 0, 'icons/2.gif'),
(6, 0, '栀子花开', '青春无限', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(7, 0, '假日休闲', '悠闲、自在', 0, 'icons/24.gif'),
(8, 2, 'html', 'html学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(9, 2, 'css', 'css学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(10, 2, 'php', 'php学习', 0, 'icons/18.gif'),
(11, 10, 'php基础知识', 'php基础知识', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(12, 10, 'oop', 'oop', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(13, 10, 'php安全', '讲述php安全', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(14, 10, 'seagull framework', 'seagull framework', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(15, 2, 'javascript', 'javascript学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(16, 2, '设计模式', NULL, 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(17, 2, '软件工程', '软件工程学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(18, 3, '厦门生活', '厦门生活', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(19, 3, '大学生活', '大学生活', 0, 'icons/8.gif'),
(20, 3, '童年生活', '童年生活', 0, 'icons/15.gif'),
(21, 19, '学习', '学习', 0, 'icons/1.gif'),
(22, 19, '运动', '运动', 0, 'icons/16.gif'),
(23, 19, '旅游', '旅游', 0, 'icons/24.gif'),
(24, 22, '排球', '排球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(25, 22, '篮球', '篮球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(26, 22, '羽毛球', '羽毛球', 0, 'icons/9.gif'),
(27, 22, '乒乓球', '乒乓球', 0, 'icons/9.gif');

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二.到数据库取数据，放到数组。

require_once './classes/MyDB.php';
$con = MyDB::singleton();
$sql = <<<SQL
select * from bg_cate cate
SQL;
$data = $con->getAll($sql);
//print_r($data);

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数据库操作我用的是pear类库。
最后的$data的数据格式如下：

Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 4
[cate_ParentId] => 0
[cate_Name] => 往事如风
[cate_Intro] => 记录往事
[cate_Order] => 0
[cate_Icon] => icons/6.gif
)
[1] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 5
[cate_ParentId] => 0
[cate_Name] => 水煮三国
[cate_Intro] => 品位三国智慧
[cate_Order] => 0
[cate_Icon] => icons/3.gif
)

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三.把上一步的数据转为树型状的数组
代码如下：

function getTree($data, $pId)
{
$tree = '';
foreach($data as $k => $v)
{
if($v['cate_ParentId'] == $pId)
{ //父亲找到儿子
$v['cate_ParentId'] = getTree($data, $v['cate_Id']);
$tree[] = $v;
//unset($data[$k]);
}
}
return $tree;
}
$tree = getTree($data, 0);

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最后输出$tree的数据格式为：

Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 4
[cate_ParentId] =>
[cate_Name] => 往事如风
[cate_Intro] => 记录往事
[cate_Order] => 0
[cate_Icon] => icons/6.gif
)
[1] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 5
[cate_ParentId] =>
[cate_Name] => 水煮三国
[cate_Intro] => 品位三国智慧
[cate_Order] => 0
[cate_Icon] => icons/3.gif
)
[2] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 2
[cate_ParentId] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[cate_Id] => 8
[cate_ParentId] =>
[cate_Name] => html
[cate_Intro] => html学习
[cate_Order] => 0
[cate_Icon] => icons/1.gif
)

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四.把树型状数组转为html
代码如下：

function procHtml($tree)
{
$html = '';
foreach($tree as $t)
{
if($t['cate_ParentId'] == '')
{
$html .= "<li>{$t['cate_Name']}</li>";
}
else
{
$html .= "<li>".$t['cate_Name'];
$html .= procHtml($t['cate_ParentId']);
$html = $html."</li>";
}
}
return $html ? '<ul>'.$html.'</ul>' : $html ;
}
echo procHtml($tree);

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输出的html的代码格式为：

<ul>
<li>往事如风</li>
<li>水煮三国</li>
<li>技术学习
<ul>
<li>html</li>
<li>css</li>
<li>php
<ul>
<li>php基础知识</li>
<li>oop</li>
<li>php安全</li>

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五.代码整合

function getTree($data, $pId)
{
$html = '';
foreach($data as $k => $v)
{
if($v['cate_ParentId'] == $pId)
{ //父亲找到儿子
$html .= "<li>".$v['cate_Name'];
$html .= getTree($data, $v['cate_Id']);
$html = $html."</li>";
}
}
return $html ? '<ul>'.$html.'</ul>' : $html ;
}
echo getTree($data, 0);

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六.增加CSS样式

第二种是从开源网站上看到的，非常非常的简介。

<?php
function genTree5($items) {
foreach ($items as $item)
$items[$item['pid']]['son'][$item['id']] = &$items[$item['id']];
return isset($items[0]['son']) ? $items[0]['son'] : array();
}
/**
* 将数据格式化成树形结构
* @author Xuefen.Tong
* @param array $items
* @return array
*/
function genTree9($items) {
$tree = array(); //格式化好的树
foreach ($items as $item)
if (isset($items[$item['pid']]))
$items[$item['pid']]['son'][] = &$items[$item['id']];
else
$tree[] = &$items[$item['id']];
return $tree;
}
$items = array(
1 => array('id' => 1, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '江西省'),
2 => array('id' => 2, 'pid' => 0, 'name' => '黑龙江省'),
3 => array('id' => 3, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '南昌市'),
4 => array('id' => 4, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '哈尔滨市'),
5 => array('id' => 5, 'pid' => 2, 'name' => '鸡西市'),
6 => array('id' => 6, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '香坊区'),
7 => array('id' => 7, 'pid' => 4, 'name' => '南岗区'),
8 => array('id' => 8, 'pid' => 6, 'name' => '和兴路'),
9 => array('id' => 9, 'pid' => 7, 'name' => '西大直街'),
10 => array('id' => 10, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '东北林业大学'),
11 => array('id' => 11, 'pid' => 9, 'name' => '哈尔滨工业大学'),
12 => array('id' => 12, 'pid' => 8, 'name' => '哈尔滨师范大学'),
13 => array('id' => 13, 'pid' => 1, 'name' => '赣州市'),
14 => array('id' => 14, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '赣县'),
15 => array('id' => 15, 'pid' => 13, 'name' => '于都县'),
16 => array('id' => 16, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '茅店镇'),
17 => array('id' => 17, 'pid' => 14, 'name' => '大田乡'),
18 => array('id' => 18, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '义源村'),
19 => array('id' => 19, 'pid' => 16, 'name' => '上坝村'),
);
echo "<pre>";
print_r(genTree5($items));
print_r(genTree9($items));
//后者输出格式，前者类似，只是数组键值不一样，不过不影响数据结构
/*
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 1
[pid] => 0
[name] => 江西省
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 3
[pid] => 1
[name] => 南昌市
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 13
[pid] => 1
[name] => 赣州市
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 14
[pid] => 13
[name] => 赣县
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 16
[pid] => 14
[name] => 茅店镇
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 18
[pid] => 16
[name] => 义源村
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 19
[pid] => 16
[name] => 上坝村
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 17
[pid] => 14
[name] => 大田乡
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 15
[pid] => 13
[name] => 于都县
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 2
[pid] => 0
[name] => 黑龙江省
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 4
[pid] => 2
[name] => 哈尔滨市
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 6
[pid] => 4
[name] => 香坊区
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 8
[pid] => 6
[name] => 和兴路
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 10
[pid] => 8
[name] =>
东北林业大学
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 12
[pid] => 8
[name] =>
哈尔滨师范大学
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[pid] => 4
[name] => 南岗区
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 9
[pid] => 7
[name] => 西大直街
[son] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 11
[pid] => 9
[name] =>
哈尔滨工业大学
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 5
[pid] => 2
[name] => 鸡西市
)
)
)
)*/

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可以看出第二种代码只用了5行代码就实现了无限级的分类树，非常值得大家的借鉴和学习。